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Incremental Steps

In this lesson, we will provide an explanation of how to learn programming and also I expect today our era is experiencing a huge information revolution and it will increase with the increase in educational platforms in the previous period. We have witnessed several initiatives either at the level of governments, companies or even individuals in the education of information technology and computer science and because in this era the focus has become  The technology is significantly and noticeable, and a number of governments and companies have accelerated in automating their transactions. 

The demand for developers and programmers Has become high, and with the provision of incentives, rewards, and the position that the community has placed for the developer and programmer, many students have become interested in learning these techniques that enable them to create applications or websites, so they begin by asking several questions: 

How do I know how to program an application?  How do I know I am designing a website?  How do I know how to make a program like Twitter?  How did my father create a site like YouTube?  How do I learn programming?

And many guiding questions that do not stop in the minds of those who want to learn, and it is strange that when you search on Google, you find many topics with titles that are completely similar to each other, such as "The Road Map for Web Learning" The Comprehensive Guide "and other bright titles.
But a beginner rarely finds what he is looking for and starts searching from article to article, from video tutorial to course, and starts spiraling in search of the right information.  Browsing through many article guides to learn programming, I found an important missing element and I don't know if bloggers agreed to hide it or if it failed?!

We find that most of the topics start directly with technologies, tools, and languages ​​before proceeding with the important topic, which is Introduction to Computer Science.  Therefore, I believe that every novice should learn the principles of computer science and understand the machine's operation from hardware and systems, and then familiarize themselves with computer fields before starting to learn the first line of code.

So we find the common answer to the question How do I learn to code?  Choose your field!  As if the first thing that comes to the questioner’s mind is which field?!  We will divide the answer into several

First Steps

It starts from knowing the reason for the invention of the computer in order to understand the logic of the machine. 

The first thing we must know is that the computer did not exist from the wrong place. It is a complementary invention to the previous human inventions based on arithmetic mechanically.  direct current (transistor)

 - Of course, the computer in our time is more sophisticated, but - as we said, the reason for its invention was to perform arithmetic operations, and as long as there is arithmetic, there is also logic, which undoubtedly leads us to the science of mathematical logic.

 Which is 1 + 1 = 1 * Your information is correct is equal to 2, but the topic is different here in computer science.

Two Steps

You can imagine that this strange machine only uses a binary counting system, meaning only two digits, one and zero, to direct the electric current so that (one means “on/open”) and zero (zero “off/off”) if all the matter is in how to direct this current  Is logic alone sufficient? Of course not. We need the science of probability and algorithms in order to be able to control and regulate the flow of electric current.

Third Steps

Area Strings (you can have two options, True or False). Arrays (a cabinet that contains a lot of data arranged in one place) This is almost the most common data in most programming languages.

(C) If we ask and say what can the machine do with these data

Iteration loops (they repeat the process and often a counter is defined with the symbol i) implement conditions, and often come with iterations (for example, repeat the equation until the counter sum is greater than ten)  Duplicate code and consume space in memory (container or class is known as “class”), as if you create a specific container that has common characteristics, such as cars, all have a model and a manufacturer, but they differ from each other with names, and they often include objects (objects) as the company says the factory Ford and model 2018  This is called an object, and you can also add another object as you say the manufacturer Toyota and the model 2011. So most of the objects are placed in the container “Class”)

(D) - We almost covered a good percentage that enables you to learn which programming language you want. 

At the end of this post, we are interested in knowing the types of data and what the machine can do. These are most of the common things that trainers constantly talk about for new students, 

Each Programming Language differs by definition grammatically from the other language, For example, the sky, in Arabic it is pronounced “sky,” English pronounced “sky,” French “ciel” and Spanish “filo.” However, due to the different environments, languages ​​differed, so the pronunciation and the name differed. 

Programming languages ​​Before we do not enter the languages, let us define what is meant by the fields, such as what we mentioned, the computer. 

The reason for its invention is arithmetic. There is no scientific field except that there are arithmetic operations in it.

So we find that in sciences such as physics, mathematics, astronomy, chemistry and statistics, it is directly related to the computer because of the services it performs that serve the interests of those existing sciences.  On the account.

 So, we conclude from the multiplicity of fields, the reason for the multiplicity of programming languages, and each programming language was created to serve a specific field in a particular specialization.

 To review the history of the emergence of generations of programming languages ​​in a simplified way, we review three generations and each generation, its advantages and the most prominent problems.

First Generation 

Use a direct machine-oriented language through the input board directly to the memory, and the advantage is that the code is executed immediately without the need for an interpreter or interpreter so that it goes from the input board to the processing unit directly,

However, there are problems that have emerged in this generation, and they are articulated problems that need solutions, and these problems include:

Machine language is very difficult to modify errors also difficult to add additional information in the same place Need to transfer the previous information to another place in memory The inability to copy programs to other machines, so that the code is rewritten in each machine Those problems limited the continuity of programming in machine language, and solutions to those problems  He led us to the second generation.

Second Generation

In this generation, the basic structure of the logical environment was established so that some features that were not in the previous generation were addressed and developed, most notably the customization of the code to work on a dedicated environment or family of processors.

A feature was also added that enables the programmer to read and write the code and the possibility of converting it into machine language. Thus, the term assembly was introduced. 

The developments in the second generation provided a fertile environment for the third generation to make a real technical revolution.

We come to the most prominent problems of the second generation: - Customizing the code to work on a specific environment for processors. The text code is written on paper, then translated and entered into the machine.

Designing the program costs the programmer a very high effort to focus so that any error, even if it is small, stops the work of the program permanently.

These problems and their solutions led us to the third generation. Despite the shift that was introduced in the second generation, the third generation completed that process with the addition of some improvements and fractur.

Third Generation

In this generation, new classifications of languages ​​emerged, so that the languages ​​of the first generation were called low-level languages. What do we mean by low-level: that is, the language that the machine understands but the modern developer does not understand, and the third generation languages ​​were called high-level languages: that is, understood by the developer and not understood by the machine.  Also, the term multi-user programming language appeared as another level of assembly language.

 There were also terms such as: a multipurpose language and patterns (it has many uses (objective programming language) created separately and combined with some saving time and reducing costs and errors (structural programming language) depends on the structure and form of the program (all of these names and terms are applied to most languages ​​of the generation  Third .

 The most important advantages of the third generation languages: - Its proximity to the human language. Making the machine take care of the details of errors, creation, and linking between the code and the processor automatically. It made the machine take care of unnecessary details, after that was the programmer's task in the second generation. We come to

 The most prominent languages ​​of the third generation:- C language (named C because before it was a language called B) C language plus plus (development of C language (Java language) for the purpose of object-oriented programming) after the tremendous development in the third generation and the true qualitative shift of programming science so that it was covered  Most of the needs of users from various fields, and graphic and visual systems that depend on interaction have appeared, so developers have accelerated to develop their applications and systems for the purpose of investment first, because the need for a computer showed a high and rapid demand for the features it provides, such as shortening time and reducing effort and cost. With this remarkable and rapid develop ment, the most prominent terms appeared.  as:

 Quantum computers, servers for personal computers, operating systems, databases, and so on, every field that is created comes with its terms and nomenclature with it, and it is called the programming field or the programmer's specialization. Let's start with the most famous programming languages ​​and the most prominent frameworks

Language C#

Language adopted and supported by Microsoft. It is a modern language that enables you to build desktop applications as well as web applications based on ASP.net that supports C#.Net, as well as hybrid mobile applications based on the “Xamarin” platform. As for the games domains, it is a supported language in an environment  Unity is for developing games. You can deal with it and build applications by downloading the Microsoft Visual Studio program.

 So, what are the areas available to you after learning the C Sharp language:

 Desktop application programmer. Web application programmer. Mobile application programmer. Game programmer.

Language Java

It is owned by Microsystems Inc. When we mention Java, we must mention the most prominent characteristic of that language, which is the “strongest language.” I don’t know why the developers repeat the phrase “Java is a strong language,” but it seems to me because it was built on the rules of C and C Plus Plus (C++/C) as well as  It has huge factions libraries that enable you to build desktop and web applications, as well as enable you to build original mobile applications for the Android system (Android) based on the (Android Studio) program, and you can use them in programming graphical user interfaces (GUI), and you can deal with them through the two programs NetBeans  ( netbeans ) and ( Eclipse ).

Java SE desktop application version. Mobile version java ME Server, database and web version java EE.

The areas available to you after learning the Java language.

Its fields are many, but I will focus on the most prominent three areas, which are:

Desktop applications programmer. 

Native mobile applications programmer only for (Android) applications. Solutions applications programmer for institutions or government agencies.

Language Python

Its beginning was 1991, but its actual beginning was 2001, and its popularity seemed to increase year after year for the following reasons:

Ease of learning It works on several platforms without changing the code Simple and clear in writing commands The possibility of extension with the C language Recognizing the types of variables without the need to define them from the programmer With each update of Python increases its popularity and comprehensiveness and its multiple fields, as well as, but its most important areas are artificial intelligence, giant data and machine learning, as well as  3D graphics, information security and graphics, as well as containing frameworks and libraries that enable the programmer to manage large projects with less effort and easy and flexible code.

You can also expand with other languages ​​such as (C, Java) and you can deal with it through the pyCharm program to write Python codes, if the areas available to you after learning the Python language:

Its fields, such as Java, are numerous, but I will focus on the most prominent five areas, which are:-

Artificial Intelligence Web Applications Data Analysis Information Security Development of Graphical Interfaces

Of course, as we mentioned in the beginning of the article about Java and Python that they are holistic languages ​​that you can use in more than one field because of the huge libraries and the multiplicity of frameworks, so learning them requires patience and persistence while trying to apply what you learned first.

 - We exclude, of course, C Sharp - after that we move on to mentioning other areas in a dedicated, non-exhaustive manner, the most prominent languages ​​used in them, with links to lessons for them, and the most prominent requirements. The first field of development of original smartphone applications:

The Android system is in Kotlin, a modern and simplified language created by the GetBrain company, which has programmed Android Studio running on the Java platform, and it has been officially supported and approved by Google for the development of mobile applications with the Android system.

Website domain

Front End (Design): It depends on three languages, it is preferable to learn them in order:

HTML language syntax (encoding).  Css Format Language.  The programming language is JavaScript.

It has several languages, but given the
Arabic content, the explanations are mostly for PHP and MySql databases.

Conclusion

In conclusion, we tried as much as possible in this post to get acquainted with the latest and required technologies in the market by focusing on Windows and Android operating systems, as well as technologies that contain explanations in Arabic. We talked about C Sharp, Java and Python and their most prominent areas.  As a beginner student, you must determine the field of specialization and then choose the most appropriate language for you. Do not try at first to learn the three languages ​​together, thinking that this will make you a better programmer. Do not concern yourself with comparisons between languages ​​before you start learning any of them, or move between courses without finishing them.  With patience and commitment, then write down the information and review it constantly, and do not forget the most important thing is that you apply what you learn from the lessons, and you should be proud of your first applications, whether a calculator, an X-game, or even an application to add two numbers.

[And here we come to the conclusion, I hope you benefited from this lesson].

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